Yom Hashoah: It’s time to change how we look at antisemitism
For years, educators have been warning about the declining state of Holocaust literacy in North America. Surveys, like the one released by the Pew Research Center in 2020, paint a stark picture when it comes to Americans’ knowledge of what occurred under Nazi Germany. Only 69% of the U.S. adults surveyed could accurately answer when the Holocaust took place. Less than half of respondents knew how many Jews were killed by the Nazis. Even fewer could answer how Adolf Hitler came to power.Jonathan Tobin: Trump isn’t exploiting antisemitism; he’s attacking its root cause
Shortly after Oct. 7, however, Holocaust education centers like the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum began to notice an uptick in interest in their programs. Those educational displays that discuss the causes and effects of Jew-hatred are gaining increasing attention now, including from visitors not familiar with the age-old scourge.
“Many people are being exposed to the term for the first time,” USHMM historian Edna Friedberg told me during a recent conversation. “People are struggling to understand antisemitism—how to recognize it, what causes it, what it says about our societies and the risks we all face, Jewish or not.”
Friedberg believes that the Oct. 7 attacks and the escalation of anti-Jewish behavior that followed are now prompting Americans to ask more questions about what occurred during the Holocaust. “The rise in global antisemitism before Oct. 7 and its global eruption afterward should reinforce to all of us that longstanding antisemitism is what made the Holocaust possible and its continued threat,” she said.
If we want younger generations to understand the link between antisemitic behavior and the risk of tragedies like the Holocaust and Oct. 7, shouldn’t we be discussing the global history of Jew-hatred as well?
For my grandparents’ and parents’ generations, the Holocaust was a singular event—one that wasn’t necessarily discussed in relation to its cause (namely, antisemitism) the way it is today. The traumatic events of the Holocaust were for its survivors events to forget. Nor were they topics one necessarily talked about with family or members of the wider community. For my generation, asking about our grandparents’ experiences growing up in Europe or Russia was off the table, so acknowledgement about the dangers of antisemitism was as well.
I believe that this may be one of the reasons why America’s youngest generations today have such a disjointed understanding of what fueled the Holocaust. Antisemitism isn’t something that the Nazis created in Germany; it was an ancient set of social attitudes that they capitalized on, as old as Jewish culture itself.
“We must start by no longer trying to isolate the Holocaust from the rest of Jewish history or contemporary struggles,” wrote Jonathan Tobin, editor-in-chief of JNS.org, in his column, “Yom Hashoah After Oct. 7: How Holocaust Education Failed” (May 6, 2024). Although Tobin’s observation was made specifically in the context of how Holocaust education is often taught in American schools, it’s a statement that is just as relevant when it comes to the message we impart in our Holocaust memorials, museum exhibits and other educational venues.
If we want younger generations to carry on the lessons we are imparting today about the dangers of antisemitism, we need to be willing to discuss antisemitism’s millennia-long history, as well as the role it played in fomenting a major event like the Holocaust. The tragedy of Oct. 7 did something extraordinary: It inspired people to seek out knowledge independently that they may have felt they weren’t getting in schools and through the media.
We now have an opportunity to build upon that momentum by expanding how we talk about antisemitism globally and why the victims of the Holocaust are never forgotten, and are still honored today.
Critics of the Trump administration’s offensive against antisemitism in academia are right about one thing. The list of demands that President Donald Trump’s Joint Task Force to Combat Antisemitism sent to Harvard University, as well as those sent to other schools under intense scrutiny for their tolerance and encouragement of Jew-hatred, do go beyond that issue.Hey, Harvard—Woke Will Make You Broke
Trump has sought to change the way elite institutions of higher education conduct admissions, hiring and conduct discipline, as well as probe the immigration status of foreign students, who are key to the pro-Hamas cause and who led mobs on campus that were guilty of acts of intimidation and violence. He has also threatened to pull federal funds from them if they fail to comply. But in doing so, the task force he appointed aims at more than just making college quads safer environments for Jewish students and faculty.
That has led some Jewish liberals, including many who have expressed criticism of the way Harvard and the other schools that are in peril of losing billions in federal funding, to claim that Trump is “exploiting” the issue. And despite their patent failure to deal with the problem, some Jewish college presidents, including the leaders of Harvard, Princeton University, Wesleyan University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, all have the chutzpah to claim that they—and not the administration in Washington—have a better idea of what is and isn’t antisemitism.
They seem to be speaking for many on the political left.
That’s especially true of Jewish liberals, who have long been in denial about the reality of left-wing antisemitism. Their hatred for Trump—rooted in partisanship and class distinctions—simply will not allow them to accept that the “bad orange man,” who is largely supported by working-class voters, is actually fighting antisemitism instead of encouraging it. They also seem to brush aside the fact that, for all intents and purposes, Democrats they have ardently supported, like former President Joe Biden and former Vice President Kamala Harris, actually fueled the fires of antisemitism while claiming to combat it.
Is fighting antisemitism ‘bad?’
This viewpoint is represented by a letter circulated by the left-wing Jewish Council on Public Affairs, an umbrella group of Jewish community relations councils once tied to Jewish federations but is now independent of them. It asserts that Trump’s effort to deal with antisemitism on campuses is actually “bad” for the Jews. The missive sticks to partisan talking points about antisemitism being primarily a right-wing phenomenon that were long out of date. Indeed, they are shockingly out of touch with reality since the Hamas-led terrorist attacks in southern Israel on Oct. 7, 2023, and the surge of hatred that followed that attempt at Jewish genocide. Their main point is a disingenuous claim that attempts to root out the prejudice against Jews and Israel that has become not only mainstream in academia and popular culture, but a new orthodoxy since Oct. 7, must be opposed because these efforts are against “democracy.”
They seem to think that moves to stop pro-Hamas mobs from harming Jews is an abridgement of the rights of those chanting for Jewish genocide (“from the river to the sea”) or terrorism (“globalize the intifada”), even though what is in question is not free speech but unlawful actions that violate the rules of these schools that have gone unenforced.
The text of the letter reflects the signers’ desire not merely to distance themselves from a Trump-led campaign against Jew-hatred but also from the State of Israel. Like individuals who oppose the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance’s (IHRA) working definition of antisemitism, these Trump opponents seem to want to create a “safe space” for those who oppose the existence of the only Jewish state on the planet that would exempt them from responsibility for their prejudice against Jews.
That this letter was signed by groups representing the major liberal denominations of Judaism in the United States—Reform, Conservative and Reconstructionist—is a scandal. It’s also a terrible reflection of the way these movements have prioritized liberal or left-wing partisanship over their solidarity with fellow Jews or their sacred responsibility to stand up against bigotry and hatred.
No Ivy League official condemned the massacre on October 7. No one called for the return of the hostages. Most shocking of all, Hamas was treated like a campus mascot. No one highlighted that Hamas is a genocidal death cult that is as much an enemy to Palestinians—most especially women and homosexuals—as it is to Jews.
Universities demand free speech and academic freedom—but only if it is approved speech and the freedom to spread lies and distort history. To this day, each of these institutions believes that threatening Jews is justifiable so long as it is ancillary to supporting Palestinians and criticizing Israel. Talk about shapeshifting, disingenuous nonsense.
Really? You mean if I happen to oppose racial equity, I can shove an African-American on campus and shout, “Lynch Blacks!”? Does academic freedom mean that the Harvard History Department, if it so chooses, can teach only one perspective on the Civil War—the one espoused by the Confederate Army and plantation owners—with each course concluding that Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation was presidential overreach?
Universities have surrendered critical thinking to groupthink, replaced free speech with selective censorship, and categorically forbidden viewpoint diversity, especially if it involves seeing Israel as anything other than a settler-colonial, apartheid regime.
Punitive measures were necessary and most definitely deserved. They had well over a year and a half to properly respond to the antisemitism that had overtaken their campuses. Instead: academic jargon and lip service.
At the first, infamous congressional hearing, three presidents of elite schools refused to concede that calling for the genocide of Jews violates their Codes of Conduct. (It’s not protected under the First Amendment, either.) They dissembled, appearing contemptuous, all the while fearing how their testimony would play at home.
The natives on campus were restless, after all. The joke was on Congress. The gods of DEI were running these elite, out-of-touch, self-indulgent academies. Neither the safety of Jews nor the obligations of open inquiry were going to get in the way. Is it any wonder Jewish enrollment at these schools has been declining?
Some things, of course, never change. Many of the Jewish legacy organizations, and the Conservative, Reform, and Reconstructionist movements, signed a letter opposing the deportation of pro-Hamas foreign students and the denial of federal funds to these universities.
Black Lives Matter déjà vu, anyone? Jews are always pumping their fists at the front of the line, loudly proclaiming their tikkun olam bona fides, only to end up standing alone in other lines, destinations unknown, wondering what went wrong.
